Watchman. A spiritual discipline that guides christians lives Essay

Guard. A profound order that guides christians lives - Essay Example Today, most adherents get baffled as they attempt to look for the profound way experience. They end up not getting the most suitable way for this situation. This leads them into obscurity, waiting in the intersection during the time There is along these lines requirement for clear direction for the adherents to take the correct way. As indicated by Watchman (1998), each one of the individuals who go out to look for God with a legit heart move venture to step in the correct way. Each heathen moves from their situation to a bit by bit pace towards the right otherworldly life top. There are a few inquiries in regards to otherworldly life, which the adherents might want to appreciate in spite of the way that the appropriate responses are not given straightforwardly. Some hard issues including becoming aware of the voice of God just as understanding his will are a few issues that are not obviously given to each Christian.The significant issues concerning Christian life include: salvation, purification, denying oneself, recovery, absolution of the soul, the Essence of God filling and the force, supplication, association, book of scriptures study recognizable proof, extraordinary experience, supernatural occurrences, the acumen of valid and bogus talking, the feeling, the soulish life, talking in tongues, the still, small voice, Gods disclosure, otherworldly work, Satan's war charge and the restoration of the mind.According to Watchman (1998) binds to focus on God practically all the time would not be a potential action. However, a closer connection with God can be accomplished by taking some time each day to peruse the good book, converse with God and subsequently consider Him. In this methodology God would convey in an incredible wave which makes the Christians to have a sentiment of God's adoration and different occasions tested by the methodology they should open up sacred texts. Along these lines the Christians would put generous time into their relationship with God in this manner gets back a responding relationship of affection with Him. Developing profoundly in otherworldly world requests putting aside calm occasions with God that has no interferences just as interruptions thus tuning their ears to hear the God's voice. Gatekeeper (1998) demonstrates that the otherworldly states of Christians are normally differing as their level of profound life. Each adherent's profound experience has some secret. So as to be driven by the master into a more profound otherworldly life, the Christian devotee needs to get a sample of the blueprint of that degree of otherworldly life before truly getting into it. On experiencing a specific degree of otherworldliness, most devotees accept that they have gotten into that level. In any case, in the genuine sense, this is simply however the start of crafted by the ruler driving them into such issues. This suggests a devotee experiencing a specific level doesn't really mean completely going into that level. Guard (1998) further attests that seeing God's light methods getting the information on ourselves and along these lines not losing our broadness in the Lord else one will be in their own musings just as sentiments. Including in such self-sentiments would thwart one from increasing one's self in the Lord. Otherworldly self-investigation and reluctance are normally hurtful to the adherents' profound life. Along these lines realizing the vital otherworldly direction calls for unwavering comprehension of the correct way and profound lessons by the ruler would assist one with having a superior individual relationship with God. It is very imperative to comprehend just as recollect God's method of reclamation. His definitive objective is to have all devotees conveyed by means of another life that offers adherents the hour of recovery from our characteristic things (nature), otherworldly things and sin; all these three includes the

Public admin as an art or science free essay sample

I think open organization is a science since it includes the investigation of government dynamic and strategies, which can assist with delivering more arrangements. Science is likewise characterized as the investigation of something or the quest for information on open organization. http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Public_administration has more subtleties on open organization. Open organization isn't a science or a craftsmanship. Open organization is known as a specialty for some reasons. It isn't science on the grounds that there isnt an altogether right method of doing it, there are no conditions that will establish productivity or viability without a doubt. Science is about realities, The Study of Administration Woodrow Wilson November 1, 1886 An Essay I guess that no down to earth science is ever contemplated where there is no compelling reason to know it. The very actuality, consequently, that the famously pragmatic study of organization is discovering its way into school courses in this nation would Top of Form Bottom of Form MSGManagement Basics At a first look it appears to be simpler to acknowledge open organization as a workmanship. We will compose a custom exposition test on Open administrator as a workmanship or science or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is only the organization of Government issues and for most part it doesn't observe the laws of Science like nonattendance of regulating esteem, consistency of conduct and all inclusive application. Things being what they are, does that mean we can't show it into a good classification of logical subjects? There are numerous creators who savagely protected it and contended that open organization as a territory of study is in fact a Science. The most punctual of them was Lorenz von Stein a 1855, a German teacher from Vienna who said that open organization is an incorporated Science and survey it similarly as authoritative laws was a prohibitive definition. In present day times, classifying open organization as Science discovered kindness with many, the most significant one being the dad of American open organization, President Woodrow Wilson. We will peruse progressively about the Wilsonian perspective on open organization in the following article, anyway he chiefly underscored that the target of regulatory examination is to find what government can appropriately and effectively do and how it can do those things with most extreme effectiveness with least conceivable expense of cash or vitality. After Wilson another significant contention originated from Frederick Taylor who composed a book called The Principles of Scientific Management (1911) in which he proposed to find one most ideal method of getting things done/activity and consequently save money on cost on schedule and vitality. Luther Gulick and L Urvick all things considered distributed, Papers on the Science of Administration which reaffirmed its status as a Science. W F Willoughby expressed that open organization like Science has certain key standards which can be commonly applied and in this way it is a Science. Nonetheless, there still stay certain angles to be set up before open organization can be really and in genuine terms, be delegated a Science. The spots of regulating esteems in open organization ought to be plainly characterized. More endeavors ought to be placed in to understanding the human instinct and elements at play in open organization. Ultimately, the standards of open organization ought to get references from over the universes, societies, sort of states and so on to make them progressively all inclusive and liberated from social, strict and political predispositions. The coming of the advanced government assistance state itself has included, to the changing way to deal with open organization. The sort of exercises and circle of works have never been progressively changed and dynamic and there has been an at no other time enthusiasm for really improving the productivity of the legislature. Topic specialists like Frederick Taylor have opened approaches to investigation, experimentation, perception, assortment of information and examination dependent on which standards and laws can be made. There are expanding number of writers like Metcalfe, Fayol, Emerson, Follett, Mooney, and all the more as of late Drucker and so forth who have composed regarding the matters of organization. Truth be told Drucker composed a book called â€Å"The Age of Discontinuity† and one of the parts of the book called The Sickness of Government turned into the premise of the New Public Management hypothesis mainstream in 1980s which underscored the market arranged administration of the open segment. Thus, one can securely say that with the changing occasions and an ever increasing number of studies did in the field of sociologies, organization and human relations, the subject of open organization can no longer take the safe house of craftsmanship and would need to develop more grounded with important and basic standards like that of Science. I think open organization is a science since it includes the investigation of government dynamic and strategies, which can assist with creating more approaches. Science is additionally characterized as the investigation of something or the quest for information on open organization (myschoolcomm answer) Hassan Raza Lyndall Urwick (1891-1983) was a British armed force official turned scholar and advisor whose work incorporated the thoughts of logical administration with the thoughts of old style association hypothesis. Luther Gulick (1892-1970) served on President Franklin D. Roosevelts Committee on Administrative Management during the 1930s, and his significant advantages were political theory and open assistance. Urwick and Gulick altered a 1937 distribution titled Papers on the Science of Administration, Kelly Gathered these Facts Email Since the soonest long periods of bureaucratic framework, governments have utilized people on a progressive premise to do the various capacities related with taxpayer driven organizations and the usage of strategy in open life. These people are known as local officials, and the foundation to which they have a place is called open organization. Local officials, or open chairmen, have customarily been either recruited or selected, however not chose. Open chairmen are liable for completing the capacities which result from and are specified by officials at the official, administrative and legal degrees of government. To this degree, government executives incorporate government clergymen, law authorization work force, metropolitan directors and monetary investigators and specialists. These people work in government at all levels from bureaucratic to state to civil and speak to the progressive way by which open force is assigned as a way to guarantee the viability of open approach just as the productive dissemination of its advantages to those represented. As an order, open organization went to the fore in the late 1800s when scholastics including Woodrow Wilson, at that point a teacher at Wesleyan University before his climb to the U. S. administration, proposed a model of government organization that firmly followed huge organizations and partnerships as far as framework and cost adequacy. Up to this time in the late 1800s, jobs in government were accessible not really based on fitness or ability, but instead by ideals of associations, informal exchange and nepotism. The developing model of open organization empowered more noteworthy reasonableness of chance to take an interest in open organization using composed common assistance assessments. These tests would demonstrate an individual’s comprehension of the bureaucratic framework just as the hypothetical bases of open strategy usage, open account and the degree of the authority of an open administrator’s job. Such measures were first started by the Pendleton Act of 1883, necessitating that contender for jobs in the national government experience testing as an essential for being employed. In 1978, the Civil Service Reform Act found a way to guarantee decency of chance and reasonable treatment for competitors just as those presently utilized as open overseers at the government level. Between the 1880s and the mid 1900s, open organization created in the scholarly community as an interdisciplinary way to deal with the viability of open approach between the bureaucratic framework and the populace it is intended to serve. As an order, open organization further looks to change the current bureaucratic framework so it might all the more adequately adjust to the public’s evolving needs. Various schools and colleges currently offer undergrad and graduate-level qualification programs in open organization, incorporating such subjects as history, financial matters, open fund, political theory and humanism. These segment parts represent the huge number of points of view required for successfully executing open arrangement. The informed open head sees how their job varies from that of a lawmaker, the qualification among open and private undertakings and the advantages of superimposing business basics on the administration of a bureaucratic structure. The topic of whether open organization ought to be delegated a workmanship or a science has been the subject of much theory regarding its multidimensional methodology. Many accept that the successful execution of open arrangement where keeping up great relations with people in general is concerned is, all by itself, a workmanship. In any case, the job of open organization as both a calling and as a scholarly control deserving of quantifiable assessment and audit orders it unequivocally as a science. See more at: http://www. thefreeresource. com/is-open organization a-science-or-an-art#sthash. 9MGc5vtM. dpuf which remembered articles for association hypothesis and open organization. Gulick detached the duties of the CEO and specified them as per the abbreviation POSDCORB, which represents arranging, sorting out, staffing, coordinating, planning, detailing, and planning. One of his primary concerns was t

Book Recommendations for Television Characters House of Cards

Book Recommendations for Television Characters House of Cards A while ago I did book recs for the characters of New Girl and Girls. I do believe there are more television characters in need of book recs. Bang a drum, lets get them some. Bringing back this feature with a recent favorite, Netflixs House of Cards Francis Underwood Representative Frank Underwood is the House Majority Whip whom the President of the United States passed over for the position of Secretary of State. Now Underwood is out for blood. He talks like Foghorn Leghorn and maneuvers around the political world like the shark in Jaws.  Awesome I, Claudius by Robert Graves and Augustus by John Williams Not that the House Majority Whip has much time to read for fun (though he seems to slot in playing video games and using his gym rowing machine just fine), but if he were going to pick up a for-fun book, I think hed pick up one of these novels that explore the glory and depravity of ancient Rome and the complications and corruption of her political climate. Underwood is more of a Claudius than an Augustus, to be sure. Still I feel like Underwood would deeply identify with the world of Roman politics and the sacrifices both protagonists make to claw their way to the top. _________________________ Clair Underwood Underwoods wife and the woman behind Clean Water Initiative, a non-profit that is constantly getting mixed up in her husbands political machinations. As formidable as her husband Clair is Skynet Terminator in a shift dress. We discover eventually that has a heart and has a long-standing thing for a New York photographer. But shes also scary. Shes always scary. The Wife by Meg Wolitzer I was a little bit dying to put Gone Girl  as Clairs book, because I feel like she would read through Nick and Amys marriage, turn to the last page, look up, shrug her shoulders and go So? Clair was forged in the fires of Mount Doom. No, but for real, Im going to give Clair  The Wife. A razor-sharp novel about a famous painter and the women he leaves behind when he dies, I feel like Clair would deeply relate to the protagonist Joan Castleman, a woman whose role in her marriage and her husbands career is never understood by the world at large. _________________________ Peter Russo Poor Peter Russo. A US Democratic Representative from Pennsylvanias First Congressional District, Russo is forced to do Frank Underwoods bidding under the threat of having his struggles with addiction exposed to the public. Peter is also the cutest cueball head alive, he makes bald look so baller.   The Good House by Ann Leary As much as Im dying to give Russo an addiction memoir, I actually havent read many, so Im going to give him an addiction novel. The Good House  follows a New England real estate agent who is in the deepest denial about her alcoholism. Russo needs to read and recognize, son.   _________________________ Zoe Barnes Zoe is a low-level D.C. journo who skyrockets to the stratosphere when she starts getting her dirt from Frank Underwood. Shes young and hungry and she does not realize what she is sacrificing to rise until it is too late. The Lifespan of a Fact by John DAgata and Jim Fingal Zoe would deeply appreciate this innovative work of non-fiction, which explores the seven years of back and forth emails between DAgata, an essayist, and Fingal, the fact-checker assigned to check DAgatas essay for publication in The Believer. A probing examination of the boundaries of literary non-fiction. _________________________ Sign up for our newsletter to have the best of Book Riot delivered straight to your inbox every two weeks. No spam. We promise. To keep up with Book Riot on a daily basis, follow us on Twitter or like us on Facebook. So much bookish goodnessall day, every day.

Ernst Fritz Schumacher A Study Of Economics As If People...

Ernst Fritz Schumacher was a British economist, born in Germany, who lived and worked during the middle of the 20th century. His work includes the development of full-employment policies during World War 2 and the planning of Britain’s post-war welfare state. He advised Britain’s nationalized coal industry for 20 years and in 1955 he was sent as an economic adviser to Burma with the aim of raising the living standards in the country. His life experiences motivated him to write Small is Beautiful: A Study of Economics as if People Mattered, a collection of essays that discuss the problems with the Western economic model and provide an alternative one which, as suggested by the title, would focus on the welfare of the ‘small’ person rather†¦show more content†¦Small is Beautiful is structured in four parts that discuss different issues of economics with an overall theme that the current system in Western nations is not sustainable and there are many ways through which it can be improved. The topic about income and capital is introduced that describes the modern world as one that is ruining itself. The problem lies in the extensive use of natural resources and treating them as income, something that people do not have to pay for and are not concerned with it. It is argued that nature is actually a capital item which must be paid for. People should understand that and start treating it as such when using resources for production as currently in the process of economic growth, the Earth and masses of people are depleted. In that sense, it is discussed what make something economic. Developed nation’s opinion on that matter is that an economic event is one that generates profit. This view of economics disregards joys in life and creates a sense that people are only working for materialistic reasons. Labour is considered as a sacrifice people have to make and are compensated for that in the form of wages. Schumacher’s view on that matter can be described through the idea of Buddhist Economics. This concept presents a metaphysical approach where people work together in order to provide benefits to the society, the function of which is to develop each individual’s

Essay about The Salem Witch Trials - 2167 Words

A real fear feels like death, but less satisfying. These fears enthralled the minds of the naive and frightened during the most dangerous time to be alive in New England, The Salem witch trials. The fire inside the Salem Trials needs a fuel, fed to it from the spoon of the stupid, will grown until it burns everything in sight. Who knew a mere lack of knowledge could get 20 people killed and drag Puritan society through hell. Highly religious peoples had a large role in fueling the hysteria that occurred during the trials. The fear from being attacked during the Indian war also had a played a big role in why the Witch Trials kept going strong for so long. The Salem witch trials, fueled by fear and influenced by hardship of Puritan life and†¦show more content†¦The stigma surrounding witchcraft and supernatural entities has only escalated since the founding of the colonies. One of the main causes of the hysteria surrounding the trials was the hardship of Puritan life in New England. Many colonial people were struggling to survive in the ridgid New England wilderness. They were forced to cooperate with one another to solidify their weak community and were forced to interact with people they didnt necessarily like. They were exposed to constant tension and fear of starvation which caused them them to lash out at their neighbors. Weak communities cracked under pressure and caused distance between citizens. Internal squabbling, particularly about matters of faith and worship, split many Puritans into ever smaller and more remote communities with their own concepts about carrying out the true mission of God. These small settlements were susceptible to disease and many other dreadful things the wilderness had to offer. They were focused solely on survival. Women also had very little authoritative role in the colonies which is why they didn’t stop as ea rly as they could have. Women in colonial British America were called to live up to conflicting and contradictory cultural ideals: all women were to be submissive to patriarchal authority, and yet many were also expected to exercise their authority as competent household managers. Women had almost no authority in law making or pursuing, soShow MoreRelatedSalem Witch Trials And The Witch Trial1494 Words   |  6 PagesFirst of all, I wanted to talk about what Salem Witch Trial is and who are the persons involve in this event. Salem Witch Trials, according to Encyclopedia Britannica is â€Å"A series of investigations and persecutions that caused 19 convicted â€Å"witches† to be hanged and many other many suspects to be imprisoned in Salem Village in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.† There are many people involve in Salem Witch Trials and I’ll be going to describe their role in this event, followed by the different case studiesRead MoreSalem Witch Trials And The Wi tch Trial Essay2225 Words   |  9 Pagesaccused of witchcraft in Salem Village, Massachusetts, many more died in jail, and around 200 people total were accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials. Records from the event indicate that the Salem Witch Trials started when a group of young girls began acting strange, claiming they had been possessed by the Devil and bewitched by local villagers. The Salem Witch Trials is a much debated event; historians argue over the motivation and causes behind the trials and executions, not overRead MoreThe Trial Of The Salem Witch Trials905 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction In January 1692, when a group of juvenile girls began to display bizarre behavior, the tight-knit Puritan community of Salem, Massachusetts couldn’t explain the unusual afflictions and came to a conclusion. Witches had invaded Salem. This was the beginning of a period of mass hysteria known as The Salem Witch Trials. Hundreds of people were falsely accused of witchcraft and many paid the ultimate price of death. Nineteen people were hung, one was pressed to death, and as many asRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials691 Words   |  3 Pageswere the Salem Witch Trials? The Trials happened in 1692 in Puritan Massachusetts, in a town called Salem. Nineteen men and women were hanged on grounds of practicing dark magic and making a pact with Satan (in other words, for being witches). Hundreds of people were imprisoned; several died there. Additionally, one man (of over seventy years!) was crushed to death with heavy stones and the lives of many were irrevocably changed. (Salem Witch Museum) IQ #2- How and why did the Salem WitchRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials1202 Words   |  5 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials were a prime part of American history during the early 17th century. During this time, religion was the prime focus and way of life within colonies. This was especially true for the Puritan way of life. Puritans first came to America in hopes of practicing Christianity their own way, to the purest form. The Puritans were fundamentalists who believed every word transcribed in the Bible by God was to be followed exactly for what it was. The idea of the devil controlling a womanRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1866 Words   |  8 Pagessurrounding the cause of the Salem Witch Trials 1692 makes the topic captivating as many historian perspectives offer explanations for the causation of the trials, yet the personal context of each historian has determined its historic reliability. This questions the level of objectivity each historian has in their responses to the Trials. The aims and purposes of a historian, as well as their differing methodologies may alter the approach the have towards the investigation of the Trials. Many interpretationsRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe notorious witch trials in Salem began in Spring of 1692. This started after a young group of girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, professed they were possessed by the devil. These young girls even went as far as accusing some local women of practicing witchcraft. As a frenzy spreaded throughout colonial Massachusetts, a specific court was summoned to hear cases. Bridget Bishop was the first convicted witch and she was hung in that June following her trial. Eighteen other people followed BishopRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials1069 Words   |  5 PagesEven though the Salem witch trials were made to seem formal, they were actually subjective and not based on fact. Since there were multiple people being accused of witchcraft, the trials were short and quick to sentence. The witch trials lasted less than a year. The first arrests were made on March 1, 1692, and the final hanging day was September 22, 1692. The Court of Oyer and Terminer was dissolved in October of 1692. The Salem Witch Trials occurred in the spring of 1692, when a groupRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1635 Words   |  7 Pagesovercome was the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem Witch Trials occurred in 1692 and 1693 in colonial Massachusetts. â€Å"More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft – the Devil’s magic – and 20 were executed† as detailed by Jess Blumberg on the web article A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials (Blumberg 2007). The trials had a major impact on the American society and the effects could be seen in colonial America as well as today. Why did the injustice of the Salam Witch Trials occur and whyRead MoreSalem Witch Trials And Trials1320 Words   |  6 PagesSalem Witch Trials was a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in the Salem Village of the 17th century New England. The trials caused executions of many people but mostly women. Salem Witch Trials exposed the different roles men and women were supposed to play during the seventeenth century. Women were supposed to take on â€Å"wifely duties† such as, be mothers and housewives. Women were thought to follow the men. The trials also revealed that there were strict religious

Creativity and Creative Learning in Young Children Free Essays

string(79) " a range of different opportunities for them to develop their physical skills\." CYPOP4 Promote Young Children’s physical activity and movement skills 1. 1 Physical activity is an essential component in children’s overall health and well being. Unfortunately some children are not as active as they should be to prevent harmful harmful short term and long term effects on their health. We will write a custom essay sample on Creativity and Creative Learning in Young Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Short term health Physical activity helps children to build muscle, develops the skeletal frame, develops the heart and lung function and also helps prevent obesity. Children who are active are likely to sleep better and longer and are less likely to develop infections such as colds and flu. * Long term health Physical activity in young children not only supports health in the short term but can also give children a positive attitude towards sport, playing outdoors and walking. It is important to start when the children are young as when they are older they lose interest in activity. If children are not sufficiently active they are more likely to become overweight or obese, this in turn is linked with serious diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and cancers. For girls, there is also the increased risk of developing osteoporosis later in life if they don’t take physical exercise. * Well being As well as providing short and long term benefits, physical activity is also important for children’s overall well being. If physical activity is taken outdoors, children will benefit from fresh air and a feeling of being in a free environment. Children can benefit emotionally and socially as they learn new skills and develop confidence playing with others The current guidelines for physical activity suggest that children should get a minimum of one hour a day. This can be through walking, play or structured activities. 1. 2 In order to achieve the physical skills required a mixture of movement skills need to be acquired in the right order. They include the following; * Hand – eye coordination Many activities require the hand and eye to work together. For example throwing a ball requires the brain to send the correct signal from the eyes to the hands to create the correct movements. * Foot-eye coordination Children have to learn to guide their feet. Kicking a ball or climbing stairs require this type of coordination * Balance Balance is a complicated skill. Although most of us take it for granted, the ability to balance is a skill that develops with age. These skills form and develop as part of the central nervous system in babies and young children. The Central nervous system is responsible for sending out signals from the brain to the rest of our body. Information is constantly collected from our body’s senses. The whole process is surprisingly quick allowing the body to take action against possible dangers. In babies and young children the central nervous system has to develop and mature. At first babies have to rely on the natural reflections they are born with until the central nervous system learns how to control their responses. The rate at which babies and children gain control over their bodies varies enormously. There are three key principles that underpin the gaining of this control; 1. Development follows a definite sequence Movements and control develop in a specific sequence which means babies cannot learn to walk before they can sit unsupported 2. Development starts with control of head movements and develops downwards and outwards Babies gain control over their head and top of their spine before the rest of the body. 3. Development starts with uncontrolled gross motor movements before becoming precise and refined Babies gain control over their arms before their hands and fingers. This is important to know before trying to teach a child to write. They will need to start with large letter types before learning to write letters in the correct size and form. We use our physical skills every day. The development of children’s skills gives them independence, over time they no longer need our help to feed them or get them dressed or move from one place to the next. This gives them confidence to learn because they are exploring. Children also use their new found skills to play together and play more challenging games. Physical skills also link to other aspects of children’s overall development. These are; * Emotional Development Builds children’s confidence. When they can do things for themselves they are more likely to gain confidence. They can do things how and when they want . They can also use physical skills to express themselves like paint, draw and dance. * Language Development Language develops when there are things to talk about. This is easier when children can do things themselves to explore and see things. It gives them a reason to talk. * Social Development Play with babies is active rather than language based. Children can join in when they have learned and developed their physical skills. Cognitive Development Most of children’s learning is linked to practical activities. This requires movement skills. There are links between early physical movements and brain development. 2. 3 Natural outdoor environments include, fields, woodland, moors and beaches. For children they are a wonderful playground which change with each visit according to the chan ges in the weather and the season . Children should have access to these kind of environments so they can learn about nature. These kinds of environments encourage children to learn and practise new skills such as climbing up a tree or over a wall or fence. They may also enjoy running on the sand, making footprints and pictures in it. Natural environments may also be challenging for the children as the terrain will be different. It may be uneven to walk on. There may be pools for them to jump in or avoid and things to jump over. All these encourage confidence and better coordination. 3. 1 Although many children are naturally active it is important to think about creating a range of different opportunities for them to develop their physical skills. You read "Creativity and Creative Learning in Young Children" in category "Essay examples" Planning their development is important. Observation is key to planning for young children. It needs to be the starting point so we can establish what the children enjoy doing and ensure we are planning opportunities appropriate to their development. Planning appropriately for children involves the following; * Time You need to plan sufficient time for the children’s activities. Some children learn at a slower pace so you need to allow for each individual to get enjoyment from the physical activity, while they are developing their new skills. * Balance of child initiated and adult initiated opportunities It is a requirement of the Early Years Foundation Stage that you allow enough opportunities of each during play activities. It is important as children need time to discover new skills for themselves and play in ways that interest them. * Interest Children need to be motivated in order to practise and develop their skills. It is important to look at what each child is interested in and develop from that so they are encouraged to learn and develop . Play is key for children’s development and learning so planning should be around their interests and how we can incorporate physical activity into this. * Developmentally appropriate Activities should be developmentally appropriate. So when planning you must allow for the fact some children have disabilities and special needs. Ensure you seek the correct guidance and support to enable all children to develop through physical activity. * Range of skills and movement It is important that all physical activities allow children to experience and practice a range of skills and movements. * Planning for non mobile babies Babies who are not yet mobile still need opportunities for physical activities. This might include a baby gym to encourage the baby to move their arms and legs, or grasping and shaking a rattle. Babies also need time lying on their front to encourage muscle development for when they learn to crawl. It is important to place objects where babies can reach and grab so they don’t become frustrated. We should also get on the floor and interact and play with the babies. In addition our plans also need to include actions we do ourselves which help babies enjoy movement. These include rocking, swinging, being held up high and bouncing. All these give babies a different view of the world and aid spatial awareness and rhythm. * Planning for toddlers Toddlers enjoy exploring and practising their new found skills. They will need opportunities to walk and climb. Some resources toddlers will require to aid development are; * Books * Shape sorters * Sensory equipment such as water, sand and dough * Rocking horses * Sit and ride toys * Slides * Balls * Pushchairs * Planning for 3-5 year olds Most children this age will have fairly good coordination but they will need help developing their fine motor skills. They will also need varied support with their movement skills, which should be incorporated into their play whenever possible. Some adult led activities can be used to ensure that all children develop and range of movements and skills. Some equipment 3-5 year olds will need are; * Puzzles * Construction toys * Sand and water play * Dressing up and role play toys * Small world play * Climbing frames * Slide * Tricycles and scooters * Balls, hoops and cones * Fabrics * Pushchairs 3. 2 Once you have identified opportunities that will promote physical activity in the children you need to incorporate them into your plan. Your plan must; * Meet the individual movement skills needs of the children * Include activities that promote competence in movement skills * Encourage physical play To ensure these points are covered your plan should be based on observations you have carried out on the children. You may show in your plan, details of equipment, specific adult initiated and child initiated activities. The Early Years Foundation also states you show how each child is planned for. It is also good practice to include the child’s ideas when planning activities. They may have preferences to what activity or equipment they would like to use. You need to watch children carefully when implementing planned activities. Their reactions will let you know whether it is developmentally appropriate for them or not. They will also let you know if they find it interesting and sufficiently challenging for them. You should be ready to change, adapt or even abandon the activity if necessary. Being flexible and ready to change your plan according to the needs and interests of the children is essential. Children can be very creative and they may well change or adapt your planned activity to suit them. Some children are more confident than others and may find movement skills easier or be more confident taking risks. Other children will be hesitant and will need encouragement to go that step further. 4. 1 It is important to include physical activity into daily routines in order for children to gain skills and build stamina. Getting children used to physical activity as part of their every day lives will help them later on in life. It is also good practice for their independence. Working with parents so they are keeping the children active at home also helps. Children should also have outdoor play each day so they get used to the outside environment. Sources of physical activity in every day routines are; * Washing and drying up * Sweeping the floor and outdoor area * Pouring their own drinks * Preparing snacks * Walking up and down stairs * Tidying up * Dressing and undressing * Wiping tables * Hanging up coats * Walking to and from the setting In my setting we walk to school and back in the morning and afternoon. The children take off their coats and those that can reach hang them up. They take off their shoes and put them together. We have music time each day where the children can play the instruments and dance to the music and we go to the park or visit the local green where there are lots of trees and paths to walk on and there is a woodland area where we look for different animals, insects and birds. 5. 1 It is important for us to be aware of how effective our provision and practice is in supporting children’s physical activity. To be able to assess the effectiveness in your setting you should consider the following; * Observe and assess children’s participation and developmental progress Look at the children and observe them over a number of weeks. Consider how interested they have been in opportunities of physical activity and if they have made progress. * Gain direct feedback from children Children’s reactions can be verbal or non verbal. They may tell us if they have enjoyed an activity or not. Children who cannot speak will let you know with body language and expression. A child who has enjoyed an activity may become excited at seeing a photo of them doing the activity. In my setting I have a photo album which the children can access themselves to look at. I also get it from time to time and we look at the pictures together. Gain feedback from parents, colleagues and others Other people can see more objectively and give their thoughts about our settings and provisions. Parents also experience seeing their children in other situations and may be able to guide us on sufficiently challenging activities. In my setting I have daily chats with parents, I also have a facebook page they can look at and I provide regular pare nt surveys to get feedback from them. 5. 2 Feedback and information you gain should be used to identify areas for future development. In some settings this may mean altering the physical environment while others may need to change the types of activities and play opportunities. 5. 3 It is important to reflect on your own practice in order to make any improvements necessary. Some questions you could ask yourself are; * Do you act as a good role model? * Do you join in physical activities? * Do you observe children’s physical skills regularly? * How aware are you of the children’s expected development? * How do you adapt activities and play opportunities to meet the individual needs oof the children? How do you ensure both boys and girls enjoy physical activity? * How do you plan activities to ensure the children are engaged in a range of movement skills? * How do you ensure that there is sufficient challenge for the children? * How often are children able to play in a natural outdoor environment? Being honest with yourself is key to ensuring you are meeting the children’s developmental requireme nts. It’s no good thinking you do that or being pretty sure you are good at this. You have to be sure bin order to provide the best for your children. How to cite Creativity and Creative Learning in Young Children, Essay examples

Methods Of Domination Essays - Structure, Discrimination, Behavior

Methods Of Domination Methods of Domination Power and domination are the driving forces in society. Throughout history, there have always been those in power and those that are dominated. Many tactics have been used to keep this cycle of domination in tact. Two of these tactics are described in Erika Apfelbaum's Relations of Domination and Movements for Liberation: An Analysis of Power between Groups. Through the descriptions of these methods of domination, the correlation between the methods of domination and the effect it makes on the subordinated is shown. One method described in Apfelbaum's analysis is that of grouping. In grouping individuals together, the dominator separates himself from those he wants to dominate by some physical attribute, real or imaginary to distinguish itself. power can be maximally exercised when there exists two disparate groups that have been differentiated to the point of a clear distinction between ?us' and ?them'.? (Apfelbaum 197) In finding a difference the dominating group can mark the subordinates as lower because they possess the said ?defect.? An example of this is shown in Ronald Takaki's Iron Cages. The enslaved blacks were grouped together by their dark complexions. One American, Dr. Benjamin Rush, further distinguished blacks as not only savage in their lifestyles but came to the conclusion that blacks suffered from a form of leprosy. Dr. Rush offered ?observations' intended to ?prove' that the ?color' and ?figure' of Negroes were derived from a ?modification' of leprosy.? (Takaki 30) The traits found in blacks such as the ?big lip,? ?flat nose,? and ?woolly? hair were all a part of his ?diagnosis? for their difference from that of their white ?superiors.? After hundreds of years of domination, blacks found a way to counteract the negative impact of white subjugation. As stated by Bell Hooks in Black Looks Race and Representation., blacks need to learn to cherish their blackness, and their other distinguishing figures. ?Cone calls upon whites, blacks and all other non-black groups to stand against white supremacy by choosing to value, indeed to love, blackness.? (Hooks11) By embracing their difference and relishing in it, blacks can try to over turn the vicious cycle of domination. One example of embracing ?blackness? is that during the 1960s and 1970s or even during the Reconstruction period, ?black pride? took the place of black or self -hatred. By reclaiming their views about their own beauty, blacks began the bitter struggle to gain victory over oppression. Another tactic of domination is degrouping. Apfelbaum describes degrouping as stripping the ?grouped? subordinates of their identity and anything else that provided some sort of link to one another. ?the to-be-subordinated group is plunders of its self-identity and becomes less and less able to fulfill, for the individual member, the important role of providing ?the ground on which he stands, which gives or denies him social status, gives or denies him security and help'?Paradoxically, then, the marked collectively, at the same time that it is becoming an excluded group, is having its group essence destroyed-that is, it is in the process of being degrouped.? (Apfelbaum198) By destroying the common bonds shared by the subordinate groups, the dominators keep the dominated separate from one another, thus hindering any uprisings that would lead to a disruption of the cycle of domination. Another way to ?degroup? a group is by isolating each member from another. Apfelbaum states an increasing isolation of members of the group from one another, as if partitions had come between them, blocking more and more of those communications relevant to, and functional for, the group's autonomous life.? (Apfelbaum200) By alienating the members, the dominating group disposes of the interdependency within the group, leaving the subordinates to depend on their superiors. One example of a group that has been ?degrouped? as a form of domination is that of women. Apfelbaum states that women would constitute a collectivity that is completely degrouped.? (Apfelbaum200) Women have been alienated from each other for hundreds of years. Audre Lorde shows in her piece, The Master's Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master's House, how women are degrouped. there was no examination of mutuality between women, no systems of shared support, no interdependence (Lorde 98) As long as women have no connections with each other, they cannot change